Application Notes:
This product is a trans fatty acid that is an isomer of oleic acid. Much of the fatty acid content in partially hydrogenated fats
is elaidic acid due to the oleic acid being converted to its trans isomer. Elaidic acid is an enhancer of cholesteryl ester
transfer protein activity which increases low density lipoprotein cholesterol and decreases high density lipoprotein
cholesterol.1 Consumption of trans fats has long been suspected to increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, change the
blood lipid profiles, alter endothelial functions, and affect immune function. Elaidic acid has been found to cause a proinflammatory
T-cell response2 and it increases the concentration of lipoprotein LP(a).3 Recently, elaidic acid from partially
hydrogenated fats has been implicated in the development of preeclampsia.4
References:
1. M. Abbey and P. Nestel “Plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity is increased when trans-elaidic acid is substituted for cis-oleic acid in the diet”
Atherosclerosis, Vol. 106(1) pp. 99-107, 1994
2. M. Ruth et al. “Vaccenic and Elaidic Acid Modify Plasma and Splenocyte Membrane Phospholipids and Mitogen-Stimulated Cytokine Production in
Obese Insulin Resistant JCR: LA-cp Rats” Nutrients, Vol. 2 pp. 181-197, 2010
3. P. Nestel et al. “Plasma lipoprotein lipid and Lp(a) changes with substitution of elaidic acid for oleic acid in the diet” Journal of Lipid Research, Vol. 33
pp. 1029-1036, 1992
4. M. Williams et al. “Risk of Preeclampsia in Relation to Elaidic Acid (Trans Fatty Acid) in Maternal Erythrocytes” Gynecologic and Obstetric
Investigation, Vol. 46(2), 1998